抗微生物抗性（AMR）是日益增长的公共卫生威胁，估计每年造成超过1000万人死亡，在现状预测下，到2050年，全球经济损失了100万亿美元。这些损失主要是由于治疗失败的发病率和死亡率增加，医疗程序中的AMR感染以及归因于AMR的生活质量损失所致。已经提出了许多干预措施来控制AMR的发展并减轻其传播带来的风险。本文回顾了细菌AMR管理和控制的关键方面，这些方面可以利用人工智能，机器学习以及数学和统计建模等数据技术，这些领域在本世纪已经快速发展。尽管数据技术已成为生物医学研究的组成部分，但它们对AMR管理的影响仍然很小。我们概述了使用数据技术来打击AMR，详细介绍了四个互补类别的最新进展：监视，预防，诊断和治疗。我们在生物医学研究，临床实践和“一个健康”背景下使用数据技术提供了有关当前AMR控制方法的概述。我们讨论了数据技术的潜在影响和挑战在高收入和中等收入国家中面临的实施，并建议将这些技术更容易地整合到医疗保健和公共卫生中所需的具体行动，并建议使用具体的行动部门。

In this paper, we propose SceNDD: a scenario-based naturalistic driving dataset that is built upon data collected from an instrumented vehicle in downtown Indianapolis. The data collection was completed in 68 driving sessions with different drivers, where each session lasted about 20--40 minutes. The main goal of creating this dataset is to provide the research community with real driving scenarios that have diverse trajectories and driving behaviors. The dataset contains ego-vehicle's waypoints, velocity, yaw angle, as well as non-ego actor's waypoints, velocity, yaw angle, entry-time, and exit-time. Certain flexibility is provided to users so that actors, sensors, lanes, roads, and obstacles can be added to the existing scenarios. We used a Joint Probabilistic Data Association (JPDA) tracker to detect non-ego vehicles on the road. We present some preliminary results of the proposed dataset and a few applications associated with it. The complete dataset is expected to be released by early 2023.

Quadcopter trajectory tracking control has been extensively investigated and implemented in the past. Available controls mostly use the Euler angle standards to describe the quadcopters rotational kinematics and dynamics. As a result, the same rotation can be translated into different roll, pitch, and yaw angles because there are multiple Euler angle standards for characterization of rotation in a 3-dimensional motion space. Additionally, it is computationally expensive to convert a quadcopters orientation to the associated roll, pitch, and yaw angles, which may make it difficult to track quick and aggressive trajectories. To address these issues, this paper will develop a flatness-based trajectory tracking control without using Euler angles. We assess and test the proposed controls performance in the Gazebo simulation environment and contrast its functionality with the existing Mellinger controller, which has been widely adopted by the robotics and unmanned aerial system (UAS) communities.

The Modboat is a low-cost, underactuated, modular robot capable of surface swimming, docking to other modules, and undocking from them using only a single motor and two passive flippers. Undocking is achieved by causing intentional self-collision between the tails of neighboring modules in certain configurations; this becomes a challenge, however, when collective swimming as one connected component is desirable. Prior work has developed controllers that turn arbitrary configurations of docked Modboats into steerable vehicles, but they cannot counteract lateral forces and disturbances. In this work we present a centralized control strategy to create holonomic vehicles out of arbitrary configurations of docked Modboats using an iterative potential-field based search. We experimentally demonstrate that our controller performs well and can control surge and sway velocities and yaw angle simultaneously.

Wind turbine wake modelling is of crucial importance to accurate resource assessment, to layout optimisation, and to the operational control of wind farms. This work proposes a surrogate model for the representation of wind turbine wakes based on a state-of-the-art graph representation learning method termed a graph neural network. The proposed end-to-end deep learning model operates directly on unstructured meshes and has been validated against high-fidelity data, demonstrating its ability to rapidly make accurate 3D flow field predictions for various inlet conditions and turbine yaw angles. The specific graph neural network model employed here is shown to generalise well to unseen data and is less sensitive to over-smoothing compared to common graph neural networks. A case study based upon a real world wind farm further demonstrates the capability of the proposed approach to predict farm scale power generation. Moreover, the proposed graph neural network framework is flexible and highly generic and as formulated here can be applied to any steady state computational fluid dynamics simulations on unstructured meshes.

A rapid and accurate diagnosis of cardiomegaly and pleural effusion is of the utmost importance to reduce mortality and medical costs. Artificial Intelligence has shown promise in diagnosing medical conditions. With this study, we seek to evaluate how well Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, developed my minoHealth AI Labs, will perform at diagnosing cardiomegaly and pleural effusion, using chest x-rays from Ghana, Vietnam and the USA, and how well AI systems will perform when compared with radiologists working in Ghana. The evaluation dataset used in this study contained 100 images randomly selected from three datasets. The Deep Learning models were further tested on a larger Ghanaian dataset containing five hundred and sixty one (561) samples. Two AI systems were then evaluated on the evaluation dataset, whilst we also gave the same chest x-ray images within the evaluation dataset to 4 radiologists, with 5 - 20 years experience, to diagnose independently. For cardiomegaly, minoHealth-ai systems scored Area under the Receiver operating characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC) of 0.9 and 0.97 while the AUC-ROC of individual radiologists ranged from 0.77 to 0.87. For pleural effusion, the minoHealth-ai systems scored 0.97 and 0.91 whereas individual radiologists scored between 0.75 and 0.86. On both conditions, the best performing AI model outperforms the best performing radiologist by about 10%. We also evaluate the specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) between the minoHealth-ai systems and radiologists.

MODBOAT是一种低成本，不足的模块化机器人，能够进行表面游泳，停靠到其他模块，并仅使用一个电动机和两个被动式拖鞋从中脱落。通过在某些配置中引起相邻模块的尾巴之间的故意自我碰撞来实现撤消；但是，当集体游泳作为一个连接的组件是理想的时，这将成为一个挑战。在这项工作中，我们制定了一种集中式控制策略，以允许\ textit {任意}配置Modboats作为单个可通道的车辆游泳，并保证不会意外撤离。我们还提出了一个简化的模型，用于在实时控制的配置中以船只之间的流体动力相互作用。我们在实验上证明，我们的控制器的性能很好，对于各种尺寸和形状的配置都是一致的，并且可以同时控制潮流速度和偏航角。游泳时保持可控性，但是纯偏航控制会导致侧向运动，而横向运动不能被提出的框架抵消。

道路事故已成为全世界的八项主要死亡原因。这些事故中有很多是由于驾驶员的注意力不集中或由于疲劳而缺乏专注。各种因素导致驾驶员的疲劳。本文考虑了表现出驾驶员疲劳的所有可测量数据，即在车辆可测量数据中表现出的疲劳以及驾驶员的物理和生理数据。这三个主要因素中的每个因素都进一步细分为较小的细节。例如，车辆的数据由从方向盘的角度，偏航角，车道上的位置以及移动时车辆的速度和加速度获得的值组成。驾驶员疲劳检测的本体论知识和规则将集成到智能系统中，以便在检测到危险疲劳水平的第一个迹象时，将警告通知发送给驾驶员。这项工作旨在为安全的道路驾驶做出贡献。

在本文中，我们分析了面部图像中基本身份的基本3D形状如何扭曲其整体外观，尤其是从深面识别的角度来看。正如在流行的训练数据增强方案中所做的那样，我们以随机选择或最合适的3D面部模型的形式渲染真实和合成的面部图像，以产生基本身份的新视图。我们比较了这些图像产生的深度特征，以评估这些渲染引入原始身份的扰动。我们以各种程度的面部偏航进行了这种分析，基本身份的性别和种族各不相同。此外，我们调查在这些渲染图像中添加某种形式的上下文和背景像素，当用作训练数据时，进一步改善了面部识别模型的下游性能。我们的实验证明了面部形状在准确的面部匹配中的重要性，并基于上下文数据对网络训练的重要性。

面部情感识别是识别心理学用来诊断患者的重要工具之一。面部和面部情感识别是机器学习卓越的领域。由于不同的环境，例如照明条件，姿势变化，偏航运动和遮挡，面部情绪识别是对数字图像处理的开放挑战。深度学习方法已显示出图像识别的显着改善。但是，准确性和时间仍然需要改进。这项研究旨在在训练期间提高面部情绪识别的准确性，并使用Extreme Learning Machine（CNNeelm）增强的修改后的卷积神经网络减少处理时间。该系统需要（CNNeelm）提高培训期间图像注册的准确性。此外，该系统通过拟议的CNNeelm模型认识到六种面部情绪快乐，悲伤，厌恶，恐惧，惊喜和中立。研究表明，与经过改进的随机梯度下降（SGD）技术相比，总体面部情绪识别精度的提高了2％。借助Extreme Learning Machine（ELM）分类器，处理时间从113ms中降至65ms，可以从20fps的视频剪辑中平滑地对每个帧进行分类。使用预先训练的InceptionV3模型，建议使用JAFFE，CK+和FER2013表达数据集训练所提出的CNNeelm模型。仿真结果显示出准确性和处理时间的显着改善，使该模型适合视频分析过程。此外，该研究解决了处理面部图像所需的大量处理时间的问题。